1. Which of the following statements about individualized medicine are true?

A. In the future, genetic fingerprinting will be able to determine precisely the presence of polymorphisms
in genes known to be involved in drug interactions.

B. In the future drug treatment will be individually tailored rather than race-based.

C. research in the past few decades has uncovered significant differences among racial and ethnic groups
in the metabolism, clinical effectiveness, and side effect profiles of therapeutically important drugs.

D. All of the above

E. None of the above
2. Physicians should understand that important consequences resulting from the Human Genome project
and the genomic revolution include which of the following?

A. direct analysis of genes themselves by determination of their nucleotide sequences,

B. the effect of the entire genome on drug behavior can now be determined rather than the effect of the
individual genes,

C. the Human Genome project has affected other scientific areas of study but not the area of medicine yet.

D. A and B above but not C

E. None of the above
3. Race is an imprecise substitute for:

A. genetic variation

B. assessing drug responses

C. evaluating disease susceptibility

D. measuring pharmacokinetic properties

E. All of the above
4. Naturally occurring variation in the structures of genes

A. Polymorphisms

B. Genotype

C. Phenotype

D. Racial disparities

E. All of the above
5. The human genome

A. Is present in all nucleated cells of the body

B. Contains a complete set of genes

C. Is unique in all individuals except identical twins

D. Is 99.9% the same in all individuals

E. All of the above
6. Biological factors contributing to variability in drug response

A. Age

B. Gender

C. Disease

D. Genetics

E. All of the above
7. Genetic factors may influence a drug’s action by altering its

A. absorption

B. distribution

C. metabolism

D. excretion

E. All of the above
8.Pharmaceutical companies do not need to include patients from every racial and ethnic background when conducting drug metabolism and clinical trials for drugs that they are developing because sample size and randomness are more important.

True False
9.Race or ethnicity is a factor that changes the probability that an individual person will respond differently to a given drug.

True False

10. Individual genetic polymorphisms

A. Change gradually in prevalence across continents

B. Do not separate populations into clearly demarcated groups

C. Are naturally occurring variants in drug metabolism enzymes

D. Are common variants in the population

E. All of the above
 
• First name:
• Last name:
E-mail address:
• Organization Name:
Organization Type:
• Address:
• City:
• State:
• Zip or Postal Code:
• Day Phone:
(nnn-nnn-nnnn)
Ext: 
NMA Membership #  
FAX:
(nnn-nnn-nnnn)