1. Race is an imprecise substitute for:

A. genetic variation

B. assessing drug responses

C. evaluating disease susceptibility

D. measuring pharmacokinetic properties

E. All of the above
2. The study of variations in multiple genes on drug response

 A. Pharmacogenetics

 B. Pharmacogenomics
C. Pharmacokinetics
D. Polymorphisms
E. None of the above
3. Naturally occurring variation in the structures of genes

A. Polymorphisms

B. Genotype

C. Phenotype

D. Racial disparities

E. All of the above 
4. The human genome

A. Is present in all nucleated cells of the body

 B. Contains a complete set of genes

C. Is unique in all individuals except identical twins
D. Is 99.9% the same in all individuals
E. All of the above
5. Biological factors contributing to variability in drug response

A. Age

B. Gender

C. Disease

D. Genetics

E. All of the above

6. Genetic factors may influence a drug’s action by altering its


A. absorption

B. distribution

C. metabolism

D. excretion

E. All of the above
7. Complex diseases are

A. inherited in some populations

B. caused by multiple genes and environmental factors

C. Difficult to manage by conventional drug treatments

D. Disseminated by infectious agents

E. None of the above

8.Genomic medicine focuses on

 A. Disease mechanisms

B. Disease heterogeneity

C. Individual variation

D. Molecular diagnosis

E. All of the above
9.The Human Genome Project introduces a new knowledge-base for biology based on:

 A. The structure of DNA sequence variation

B. Cultural competency in health care,

C. The interplay of population history and environmental factors

D. Health beliefs and practices

E. All of the above

10. Individual genetic polymorphisms

A. Change gradually in prevalence across continents

B. Do not separate populations into clearly demarcated groups

C. Are naturally occurring variants in drug metabolism enzymes

D. Are common variants in the population

E. All of the above
 
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